Something close to that is the table here:

https://ucs-detect.readthedocs.io/results.html

It's not at the lowest granularity though.

It cannot. But it can detect whether the terminal emulator is shifting the cursor by the correct number of cells when displaying a character.

Glyph support is typically left to the system font stack, but positioning and hence cursor movement needs to be handled by the terminal emulator.

That has nothing to do with unicode.