I didn't learn much from reading this article. Questions linger in my mind, for example: What are the CIE XYZ coordinates of each colored square? What is the spectral distribution of each square? How were the colors chosen?
willtemperley 11 minutes ago [-]
The Wikipedia article is far more informative, though I'm uncertain if read the full dpreview article due to ad-induced nausea.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ColorChecker
Fun fact, though: You have to replace them every couple of years (or sooner) because no pigment/dye is stable, especially if exposed to bright light.
Having a test shot with one of these in it saves you untold amounts of pain later.